Since the birth of biometric technology, people have used its high-efficiency and accurate features to flex its muscles in some fields, such as security, logistics, smart home, and new retail. After years of rapid development, people nowadays have higher and higher requirements for the privacy and security of smart phones, and with the rise of mobile payments, the cumbersomeness of digital passwords undoubtedly hinders the popularization of these technologies. Therefore, at present, both manufacturers and consumers hope to have a safer and more convenient way, so that biometric technology can officially enter the field of vision of smart phone manufacturers. But at present, among the many biometric technologies, which one is the final choice?
It is understood that the three most widely used and recognized biometric technologies currently recognized by the Ministry of Public Security are fingerprints, human faces, and iris. Among them, iris is considered to be the safest type of biometric technology. Due to its difficult to replicate characteristics, Can be used in many important occasions. Moreover, iris recognition is also widely used in security check, access control and other fields, which brings many conveniences to the normal work of the Ministry of Public Security. Then, why the iris recommended by the national security department does not perform satisfactorily in smartphones? The editor believes that there are several main reasons.
First of all, although the iris technology can accurately and effectively identify, but it requires the user to maintain a specific angle, so that effective identification. For security checks or access control, such requirements are easy to meet, but for smart phones that are frequently used daily, the need to pose a specific posture each time to unlock will undoubtedly increase the user's use cost.
Secondly, iris recognition is easily affected by the environment. Nowadays, although relying on infrared modules to ensure a high recognition rate in a dark environment, iris recognition is still mediocre under strong light exposure. These are important reasons that restrict the popularization of iris technology on smart phones.
In addition to iris, face recognition and fingerprint recognition are undoubtedly the two most mainstream biometric technologies. There is a saying in the industry that the transition from 2D to 3D cameras in the past is the fourth visual revolution after black and white to color, low resolution to high resolution, and static to dynamic images. The emergence of 3D vision has officially opened the wave of mobile phone face recognition.
In the past, face recognition with only 2D vision had many shortcomings, such as being easily deceived by photos or videos, and sometimes even printing a picture can be unlocked. This is why in the era of 2D vision, mobile payment has not opened a convenient payment portal. Because its safety has not yet reached the standard.
With the launch of Apple iPhone X, 3D structured light projects tens of thousands of light points onto the user’s face through a dot-matrix projector, finds the corresponding light point through an infrared camera, and then uses the principle of triangulation to calculate the depth information of the light point, thereby Achieve the effect of 3D facial recognition. This not only greatly improves its security, but also meets the security requirements of mobile payments.
In addition to being used for unlocking and mobile payment, 3D structured light has more applications in mobile phones. For example, Animoji is an application developed based on 3D structured light, which can capture human facial expressions to generate animal avatars and increase social interaction. Interesting. Of course, driven by Apple, more applications have been developed based on 3D structured light.
However, the recognition technology using 3D vision is currently not perfect. First of all, due to the placement of 3D structured light modules, the introduction of 3D structured light when the full screen of mobile phones has not exploded in the past is expected to be more adopted, but now that full screens are prevailing, one has to be left above the screen. The bangs for the placement of the module also invaded the user's screen area. In addition, facial recognition has certain difficulties in recognition of occluded faces and similar twins. Of course, these are expected to be resolved with the improvement of the algorithm.
After talking about iris and facial recognition, let's talk about fingerprints at the end. As the most widely used biometric technology on smartphones, fingerprints have also driven users from the password unlocking era to the biometric era. At present, there are three main types of fingerprint technology: capacitive, optical, and ultrasonic. Of course Here we mainly look at the impact of fingerprint recognition, and will not go into details about the technical categories.
The application of fingerprint technology to smartphones is undoubtedly disruptive, and the disruptor is still Apple. Even though other manufacturers have taken the lead in applying the technology to mobile phones before, this technology has been completely used after Apple’s use. It blooms in the field of smartphones.
Whether it is a high-end or a low-end device, basically fingerprint recognition has become a standard configuration. At that time, the front fingerprint recognition solution was also accepted by the most users, and the habit cultivated was not easy to change, and this habit also helped users solve the screen unlocking problem more simply. Therefore, after the smart phone entered the era of full screen, users hoped that the fingerprint module could continue to remain on the front panel, which also gave birth to the birth of under-screen fingerprint technology.
Just this year, the off-screen fingerprint technology has finally matured and is gradually adopted by mainstream manufacturers such as Xiaomi, vivo, and Meizu. On the market, the voice of fingerprint technology being replaced by 3D structured light technology has also come to an abrupt end. Fingerprint technology has a trend of counterattack. After all, for full screens, under-screen fingerprint technology is obviously more suitable.
However, due to the cost, many manufacturers usually design the fingerprint recognition module to be too small, which will cause two serious problems. One is that the user must stare at the screen when unlocking, and cannot blindly press to unlock it as before; the other is that a fingerprint module that is too small will lead to a reduction in security and is limited by the size of the phone, allowing these manufacturers to save costs. While making a small sensor, it also poses a huge challenge to the fingerprint algorithm.
As the size of the fingerprint sensor becomes smaller, an intelligent learning function will be added to the algorithm. However, some algorithms also record information unrelated to fingerprints into the fingerprint database, causing the fingerprint to be cracked. Therefore, it can be seen that even if many mobile phones are equipped with fingerprint recognition function, why can not use fingerprints for payment.
The application of biometric technology on mobile phones has matured day by day, and has even reached the stage of innovation. To say who will win out of these technologies, the final result is difficult to predict based on the current situation, but it can be seen in the short term. Borrowing the opinion of an industry leader, in the short term, under-screen fingerprint technology will gradually occupy most of the biometrics market share in the mobile phone market. However, with the continuous development of applications based on 3D structured light in the future, mobile phone components will be integrated in In the screen, these two biometric technologies will once again reach a balance, and this situation will exist for a long time in the foreseeable future.
The editor believes that in the future, under-screen fingerprints will have a slight advantage, especially after solving the problem of too small fingerprint sensors. In the future, the under-screen fingerprint unlocking range will be expanded to half or even the entire screen. Such a large sensor range will also record fingerprint information more completely, and its security and convenience will also be greatly improved. However, judging from the current situation, technology and cost are still difficult to reach the stage of mass production in the short term, so fingerprint and facial recognition technology will maintain a balance in the near future.
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