Basic learning: Gateway setting communication protocol, do you know the general steps? Does your home wireless routing gateway setting communication protocol often make you go offline when you go online? Look at the following article, all problems can be solved.
Gateway setting communication protocol (Gateway), also known as network connector, protocol converter. The gateway is on the transport layer to achieve network interconnection. It is the most complex network interconnection device and is only used for the interconnection of two networks with different high-level protocols. The structure of the gateway is also similar to the router, except for the interconnection layer. The gateway can be used for both WAN interconnection and LAN interconnection. A gateway is a computer system or device that acts as a heavy task for conversion.
Between two systems that use different gateways to set communication protocols, data formats or languages, and even architectures that are completely different, the gateway is a translator. Unlike a bridge that simply conveys information, the gateway must repackage the received information to meet the needs of the destination system. At the same time, the gateway can also provide filtering and security functions. Most gateways run on top of the OSI 7-layer protocol-the application layer.
Everyone knows that the gateway sets the communication protocol. When you go from one room to another, you must go through a door. Similarly, when sending information from one network to another, it must pass through a "gate", which is the gateway. As the name implies, a gateway is a "gateway" connecting one network to another.
According to different classification standards, there are many kinds of gateways. The gateway in the TCP / IP protocol is the most commonly used. Here, the "gateway" refers to the gateway under the TCP / IP protocol. So what exactly is a gateway? A gateway is essentially an IP address from one network to other networks. For example, there are network A and network B. The IP address range of network A is "192.168.1.1 ~ 192. 168.1.254", the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0; the IP address range of network B is "192.168.2.1 ~ 192.168. 2.254 ", the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
Without a router, there is no TCP / IP communication between the two networks. Even if the two networks are connected to the same switch (or hub), the TCP / IP protocol will be based on the subnet mask (255.255 .255.0) Determine that the hosts in the two networks are on different networks. To achieve communication between these two networks, you must pass through the gateway.
If the host in network A finds that the destination host of the packet is not in the local network, it forwards the packet to its own gateway, and then the gateway forwards it to the gateway of network B, and the gateway of network B forwards it to some of network B. Host (as shown in the figure). The process of network B forwarding data packets to network A.
So, only if the gateway sets up the communication protocol, TCP / IP protocol can realize the mutual communication between different networks. So which machine's IP address is this IP address? The gateway's IP address is the IP address of the device with routing function. The device with routing function has router and server with routing protocol enabled (essentially equivalent to a router) , Proxy server (also equivalent to a router).
In the context of interoperating with Novell NetWare networks, the gateway acts as a bridge between the server information block (SMB) protocol used in the Windows network and the NetWare core protocol (NCP) used in the NetWare network. The gateway is also called an IP router.
What is the role of computer host gateway?
Suppose your name is Xiaobudian, you live in a large courtyard, your neighbors have many small partners, and there is an uncle Li who looks at the door in the communication room at the door. Uncle Li is your gateway. When you want to play with a little friend in the yard, as long as you shout his name in the yard, he will respond to you when he hears, and ran out to play with you.
However, you are not allowed to walk out of the gate. Any contact you want to make with the outside world must be done by Uncle Li (gateway) at the door. If you want to chat with your classmate Xiaoming, Xiaoming's family lives in another yard far away. There is also a gatekeeper Uncle Wang (Xiaoming's gateway) in his yard. But you do n’t know the phone number of Xiaoming ’s family, but your class teacher has a list of all the students in your class and a phone number comparison table. Your teacher is your DNS server. So you dialed Uncle Li's phone at home and had the following conversation:
Do not point: Uncle Li, I want to find the class teacher to check Xiaoming's phone number? Uncle Li: Well, you are waiting. (Then Uncle Li hung up a call to your class teacher and asked Xiaoming's phone clearly) I asked, his home number is 211.99.99.99. Do not point: great! Uncle Li, I want to find Xiaoming, you can contact me again Xiaoming.
Uncle Li: No problem. (Then Uncle Li sent a request to the telephone bureau to connect to Xiaoming ’s phone. The last level was of course transferred to Uncle Wang in the courtyard of Xiaoming ’s yard, and Uncle Wang transferred the call to Xiaoming ’s house) Get in touch with Xiaoming.
Gateway setting communication protocol: solving cross-gateway technology
The current IPV4 IP address is 32 bits, and is divided into three types of addresses according to the first few digits: A, B, and C. However, due to the rapid development of the Internet, IP resources are gradually depleted, and fewer and fewer IPs are available for distribution. There is a serious conflict with the development of the Internet for a long time. In the case where IPV6 is still far from being fully upgraded, only the proxy server can be used to convert the internal network address to the public network address to achieve access to the Internet.
The intermediary proxy server is a gateway, that is, this gateway brings endless troubles to the current multimedia communication system. In the case of poor IP resources, the only way to access the broadband network is through a gateway or even a multi-layer gateway, because the multimedia communication system protocols such as H.323 and other parties that want to conduct business must have one party with a public IP address, but now How many users of broadband can meet this requirement?
Microsoft's NETMEETING and other multimedia communication systems are in this awkward position; cross-gateway becomes a headache. Cross-gateway: Network data passes through layers of gateways, subject to the speed of gateway nodes, and the network speed is greatly reduced. The cross-gateway technology is based on the underlying network protocol, breaking through the gateway bottleneck and realizing customer point-to-point communication.
Gateway setting communication protocol: type of gateway
â—† Transmission gateway. The transmission gateway is used to establish a transmission connection between the two networks. With transmission gateways, cascaded, point-to-point transmission connections across multiple networks can be established between hosts on different networks.
â—† Application gateway. The application gateway performs protocol conversion on the application layer. For example, one host implements the ISO e-mail standard, and the other host implements the Internet e-mail standard. If the two hosts need to exchange e-mail, they must go through an e-mail gateway for protocol conversion. This e-mail gateway is a Application gateway.
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