In this article, we will introduce the ten most popular programming languages ​​used in robot development. We will discuss their shortcomings and advantages, and the reasons for using or not using them. There are more than 1,500 programming languages ​​in the world that you can learn. Listed below are the ten most popular programming languages ​​in the current robotics. Each language has different strengths, and the authors rank them according to their own experience, from low to high.
Most of the new robotics experts have to think about it at least once in their careers. Unfortunately, this is also a question without a direct answer.
If you are asking a robotic expert or community forum like Stack Overflow, Quora, Trossen, Reddit or Research Gate, "What is the best programming language for robots?" You will get different answers. As with the basic robotic skills we discussed in the article, the most critical for robotics is to build “programming thinking†rather than to measure it in a specific language. In many ways, it doesn't matter which programming language you first learn. It's important to constantly improve your skills through programming thinking.
Back to the topic, in this article, we will introduce the ten most popular programming languages ​​used in robot development. We will discuss their shortcomings and advantages, and the reasons for using or not using them. There are more than 1,500 programming languages ​​in the world that you can learn. Listed below are the ten most popular programming languages ​​in the current robotics. Each language has different strengths, and the authors rank them according to their own experience, from low to high.
10. BASIC / PascalBASIC and Pascal are the two main programming languages ​​I have ever learned. But this is not why I put them on the list. Instead, they are good languages ​​for industrial robot programming. BASIC is designed for beginners, which makes it a simple entry language for developers.
The goal of Pascal is to improve programming practices and propose constructs like pointers, which makes it a cornerstone from BASIC to more programming languages. Today, these two languages ​​are somewhat outdated for “everyday useâ€. But in general, if you want to do a fairly high level of coding, or you need to be familiar with other industrial robot languages, then understanding them will help you.
9. Industrial robot languageIn fact, every robot manufacturer has established its own specific restricted robot programming language, which has always been a problem in the field of industrial robots. By learning Pascal, you will be familiar with a part of them. However, when you start coding on another robot platform, you must use another language.
For example, ABB, a strong robotic arm, uses a language system called RAPID; from Germany's KUKA, the language and company name are also called KUKA; Comau uses PDL2; Yaskawa uses Advise and Kawasaki to utilize AS. At this point, the Fanuc robot utilizes Karel, and the Staubli robot utilizes URScript with VAL3 and Widespread Robots.
Recently, industries like ROS have begun to offer programmers a more standardized language choice. Still, as a technician, you still need to use the manufacturer's programming language.
8. LISPLISP is the second oldest programming language in the world (FORTRAN is older, but only one year away). Compared with other languages, it is not widely used, but it is still the most important in the field of artificial intelligence programming. Part of ROS is written in LISP. In fact, you don't need to know how ROS is written.
7. Hardware Description Language (HDL)The hardware description language is basically a programming method that describes electrical. These languages ​​are very common for some robotics experts because they are used to programming with Fields Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs can develop electronic hardware without the use of silicon chips, making them a faster, lower-demanding alternative to development. If you don't emulate hardware, you may never use HDL.
Being is justified, you still need to know about HDL, and they are not the same as other programming languages. All of HDL's operations are done in parallel, rather than sequentially as a processor-based language.
6.AssemblyAssembly allows you to program with "0 and 1", which is the lowest level of programming. In the past, most of the underlying hardware needed to be programmed in the Assembly. With the rise of Arduino and other similar microcontrollers, you can now efficiently program at the bottom with C/C++, which means that Assembly may be less important to the average robotic expert.
5. MATLABMATLAB and its open source relatives (such as Octave) are well-known among some robotics experts, who are responsible for investigating data and creating common language for control systems. There is also a very famous MATLAB robot toolbox. I know the people who created the entire robotic system using MATLAB alone. So if you need to break down data, create advanced charts or execute control systems, you will most likely need to learn MATLAB.
4. C#/.NETC# is a restrictive programming language provided by Microsoft. C#/.NET is largely provided for Microsoft Robotics Studio Studio, which is used by Microsoft Robotics Studio as a base language. If you will use this framework, you must learn C#. Still, learning C/C++ first can improve your coding skills.
3. JavaAs an electronic design engineer, I was amazed that some software engineering colleges used JAVA as their first programming language.
Java "hidden" the underlying storage capabilities of the programmer, which makes the requirements for Java programs less expensive, and also means that you don't know much about how the code is handled. From the foundation of software engineering to exploring the future of robotics, you are probably already learning Java.
Like C# and MATLAB, Java is an interpreted language, which means it won't be incorporated into machine language code. Instead, the Java virtual machine interprets the instructions at runtime. In theory, based on the Java virtual machine, you can use similar code on different machines using Java. But in fact, this is not universally used, sometimes causing the code to run slowly. But the Java programming language is very popular in robotics research, so you may need it.
2. PythonIn the field of robotics research, Python has an important place. One reason for this is probably that Python (and C++) are the two main programming languages ​​in ROS. Like Java, it is an interpreted language. But unlike Java, the Python language focuses on usability. Python doesn't need to spend a lot of time doing routine things, such as defining and casting variable types. In addition, there are a lot of free libraries, which means you don't need to "recreate the wheel" when you have to implement some basic functions. And because it allows for simple binding between C/C++ code, this means that the performance of the heavy-duty part of the code can be built into these languages ​​to avoid performance penalties. As more and more electronics begin to use "out of the box" Python (like the Raspberry Pi), we may see more Python in the bot.
1. C/C++The robot developed the first programming language - C++. Many people think that C and C++ are a good start for robotics scientists. Why? Because quite a few hardware libraries use these languages. They are suitable for low-level hardware, allowing real-time performance and are very mature programming languages.
Now, you may be using C++ more because C++ is more powerful. C++ is an extension of C. You can also get a lot of gains from basic C learning, especially when you find a hardware library written in C. C / C ++ is not as easy to learn as Python or MATLAB. Using C to perform similar functions can take a considerable amount of time and requires more code. Despite this, robots rely heavily on real-time performance, so they are still the "standard" robot programming language in the minds of robotics scientists.
Which one is better to learn?I listed the top ten programming languages ​​for robots, and it doesn't mean that you need to learn every one of them. The most important thing is to find a language that suits you, and of course, it also applies to your robot hardware. You need a language that allows you to create programs quickly and efficiently, and you can focus more on usability.
Therefore, I recommend learning Python first. This is my own experience, of course, you can also learn the language that suits you. In any case, Python is an easy-to-learn language. It has many efficient libraries for learning and is very powerful. I have heard many experienced programmers learn Python in a few days and quickly applied most of the programming requirements. After you have learned Python, I will recommend learning C and then pulling it by C++. Because you need to interact with the huge dominant interface of the robotic hardware driver.
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