With the continuous development of LED technology, the tentacles of LED lighting applications have been extended to many fields, and continue to explore applications in different segments. At the recent Beijing Lighting Exhibition, the topic of museum lighting application attracted the attention of the industry. In recent years, the application of LED lamps and smart technology in the field of museums and art museums has shown a growing trend, and the changes in the development of the museum itself have put forward new requirements for lighting.
The development trend of museum lighting
Museum lighting is about the overall level of museums and art galleries, and plays a vital role in the display and display of museums and art galleries. The data shows that with the rapid development of our museum business, how the museum can meet the audience's comfortable visit experience, while using modern lighting and intelligent technology to enhance the overall design and service level of the museum, has become an important topic facing the industry.
National Museum Research Institute Ai Jing said that in the past, museum lighting design was very concerned about the protection of cultural relics and real reproduction. Nowadays, it advocates serving the public, considering the balance of space performance and exhibits, and the experience of atmosphere. In the museum lighting design, the visual comfort guidance and display atmosphere of the audience has become the development direction.
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In order to realize the high-quality lighting displayed in museums and art galleries, in addition to paying attention to the protection of exhibits, we must also create an artistic visual experience, using scientific and rigorous technical means to create a comfortable and elegant visit environment, so that the audience can be in a relaxed and pleasant environment. For the designer, it is necessary to know the material type of different exhibits and the characteristics of the whole display, scientific selection and use of light, and reasonable matching of light color, in order to achieve high-quality museum lighting. At the same time, it is necessary to achieve safety, reliability, economical application, advanced technology, energy conservation, and convenient maintenance.
Museum high-quality lighting involves cultural relics protection and needs to be designed in strict accordance with lighting design standards. The data show that China's current national standard "Museum Lighting Design Specification" GB/T23863-2009 is the most basic reference for museum lighting design. However, with the popularity of LED light source applications, the development of new standards and the improvement of existing standards are gradually progressing.
Lighting requirements for several different artifacts
LED lighting has been used in museum lighting. Because museum exhibits have special requirements for lighting, color temperature, color rendering, etc., the proper design and application of LED lighting in museums is particularly important. The museum's cultural relics exhibit a variety of different categories such as calligraphy and painting, bronzes, fabrics, and handicrafts. Different cultural relics exhibit different sensitivity to light, and are particularly sensitive, sensitive, and insensitive. Therefore, the requirements for lighting are also different.
For example, the paintings and paintings in the museum belong to the exhibits that are particularly sensitive to light. According to the requirements of the lighting regulations, the illuminance value is ≤50LX, the annual exposure is 50000LX·h/year, that is, the normal 8 hours/working day, 125 days a year. time. This requires strict lighting control of the lighting of paintings and paintings in order to protect the exhibits well. In addition, the paintings and paintings are mostly paper products. If the exhibits are old, the color will appear yellow or yellow on the color. This requires that the illumination be reduced as much as possible, in addition to strictly reducing the illumination value. Authenticity, the color rendering index of the luminaire is higher, not lower than (Ra) 90, and there is a higher requirement for color saturation.
The silk-dyed exhibits in the museum are also particularly sensitive to light. Similar to the requirements of paintings and calligraphy exhibits, lighting needs to be strictly controlled. At the same time, silk fabrics are generally rich in color, and the color rendering index of lamps is higher than that of lamps. (Ra) 90, which requires higher color saturation. In addition, if the surface of such exhibits is shiny, the texture of the material should be expressed in terms of light design.
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Porcelain exhibits are light-insensitive exhibits. According to the lighting specifications, the illuminance value is ≤300LX, and the annual exposure is not limited. However, the surface of such exhibits is lustrous. When lighting, it is necessary to avoid the formation of spots and affect the viewing effect. The exhibits must have a reasonable design in terms of lamp selection and light control. In addition, porcelain exhibits generally have a rich decorative pattern. The choice of light source also requires high requirements for color rendering, not lower than (Ra) 90, and has high requirements for color saturation. At the same time, in terms of lamp selection and light distribution, it is also necessary to highlight the luster of the material and the glamorous characteristics of the color.
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Most of the craft exhibits belong to the light-insensitive exhibits. According to the requirements of the museum lighting regulations, the illuminance value is ≤300LX, and the annual exposure is not limited, but there are also many handicrafts such as leather products, silver products, dental bones, ivory. Exhibits such as products, gemstones, bamboo products and lacquerware are light-sensitive exhibits. According to the requirements of museum lighting regulations, the illuminance value should be controlled within 150LX, and the annual exposure should be controlled at 360,000LX·h/year. In addition, such exhibits are rich in materials and sleek and complicated. Therefore, when designing lighting, it is necessary to pay attention to the characteristics of the materials. At the same time, it also reflects the beauty of the details and texture of the exhibits. The best results for viewing.
Bronze exhibits are light-insensitive exhibits. According to the requirements of lighting regulations, the illuminance value is ≤300LX, and the annual exposure is not limited. However, the thickness of such exhibits is dim and dark. If the exhibits are not good, the surface will be rough. It is easy to absorb light. In addition to enhancing the brightness of the lighting design, it also needs to express the heavy volume of the material. At the same time, it also needs to show the partial effects such as the details of the exhibits, so that it can achieve the artistic beauty of the viewing.
In general, as a subdivision application field, museum lighting has its own special needs in terms of illumination, reliability, color rendering, color reproduction, etc. LED lighting needs to accurately grasp and meet the requirements in this field. Requirements. In addition, although in the field of museums, LED light source can not completely replace the traditional light source, but also need to be gradual, but with the advancement of technology, LED lighting is also developing towards improving light quality, high index, high color reproduction, etc. The development of LED intelligent lighting technology is believed to gradually replace traditional light sources.
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