Core reminder : The mobile internet tide is coming. In order to meet the requirements of the Internet of Vehicles, in-vehicle electronics needs a "full-live" main chip and peripheral devices. In addition to powerful computing capabilities, chips used in Internet of Vehicles terminal products also need to be able to support functions such as wireless communication, satellite navigation, word processing, and voice interaction. How semiconductor manufacturers develop IoV from different angles is detailed in this article.
Under the tide of the mobile internet tide, the car is becoming the "fourth screen" of running, which allows the Internet of Vehicles to inspire a vast imagination space. With the support of international standardization organizations (such as ITS) and national governments, many countries in Europe, the United States, and Asia have initiated many R & D and pilot projects for Internet of Vehicles. These projects develop Internet of Vehicles from different perspectives: intelligent transportation processing, advanced security, tracking information, improved positioning accuracy, mobile location services, advanced bridge tolling, pay-per-use / behaviour insurance systems, and this covers the main aspects of Internet of Vehicles terminal electronics Features and services. "All these functions are inseparable from various forms of integrated circuits, and will continue to drive the growth of the semiconductor market." Edoardo Merli, Market Application Director, Automotive Products Division, STMicroelectronics Greater China and South Asia
In order to meet the requirements of Internet of Vehicles, in-vehicle electronics needs a "full-live" main chip and peripheral devices
Responding to the demand of Internet of Vehicles, the trend of chip integration
In order to meet the requirements of Internet of Vehicles, in-vehicle electronics needs a "full-live" main chip and peripheral devices. Edoardo Merli said that this includes a vehicle network, that is, a CAN controller that collects vehicle status information and directs peripheral devices to perform diagnostics; sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc., to upload as accurate data as possible to the "cloud"; vehicle data interfaces, Such as Bluetooth and WiFi; audio and video processing, used for voice recognition and voice control interactive interface and image-based active safety information; positioning device, also supports GPS, GNSS, Galileo, Beidou and other multi-location standards and multi-satellite systems; cars and cars Infrastructure communication devices (3G / 4G mobile phones, WiFi, 802.11p, electronic tag RFID), the fusion of these applications is the basis of the Internet of Vehicles, so the Internet of Vehicles chip must implement these functions. In addition, there must be an interactive interface (that is, a touch screen) between the car and a tablet or smartphone. To avoid affecting the driver's attention, a voice-activated interactive interface is also required.
The requirements for the chip are correspondingly higher. "In addition to having powerful computing capabilities, the chips used in Internet of Vehicles terminal products also need to be able to support wireless communication, satellite navigation, word processing, voice interaction and other functions." Huang Xi, Freescale Automotive Microcontroller Market Development Manager, pointed out .
Chen Weijin, general manager of the automotive electronics business unit of NXP Semiconductors Greater China, also said that the Internet of Vehicles has four innovative examples to illustrate the changing chip needs, one is Ethernet, the other is Near Field Communication (NFC), and the third is Car -to-X communication, the fourth is security-to protect the car from manipulation and attacks. "In connected cars, security and data protection are becoming more and more important to ensure passenger safety and require expertise in secure microcontrollers and encryption technologies." Chen Weijin pointed out.
Rik Graulus, director of product marketing at Spansion, also said that as the amount of data processed increases, the demand for computing power for assisted driving systems also increases accordingly. Taking into account the requirements of automobile flexibility, comfort and energy saving, the electronic control unit needs to be more compact and low power consumption, which puts extremely high requirements on NOR flash memory for vehicles.
In the automotive electronics industry, there has always been a trend towards integration. For the Internet of Vehicles, the integration of chips is more necessary because of the many functions. "In the specific chip integration program, there are the integration of digital circuits and analog circuits, the integration of multiple communication interfaces, and the integration of different functional modules." Huang Xi pointed out.
The high degree of integration of system solutions brings about savings in R & D investment and shortened product cycles, but it also brings technical challenges. Chen Weijin said that the integration of analog signal units can include many aspects, such as communication signals, positioning signals, voice signals and so on. "Currently in the field of Internet of Vehicles, NXP has integrated all the processors in the Internet of Vehicles T-box into one module, namely ATOP, which achieves high integration, high integration and high performance. The MCU interface is integrated in the ATOP module The processor, GSM / WCDMA baseband processor, GPS / Glonass front-end chip, and baseband wireless front-end module have more innovatively introduced and integrated the NFC module, making it a complete set of digital and analog highly integrated Internet of Vehicles terminal solutions. "Chen Weijin Mentioned.
USB4 specifies tunneling of:
USB 3.2 ("Enhanced Superspeed") Tunneling
DisplayPort 1.4a -based Tunneling
PCI Express (PCIe)-based Tunneling
Main Benefits of USB 4
The new USB 4 standard has three main benefits over prior versions of USB.
40 Gbps Maximum Speed: By using two-lane cables, devices are able to operate at up to 40 Gbps, the same speed as Thunderbolt 3. The data is transmitted in two sets of four bidirectional lanes.
DisplayPort Alt Mode 2.0: USB 4 supports DisplayPort 2.0 over its alternative mode. DisplayPort 2.0 can support 8K resolution at 60 Hz with HDR10 color. DisplayPort 2.0 can use up to 80 Gbps, which is double the amount available to USB data, because it sends all the data in one direction (to the monitor) and can thus use all eight data lanes at once.
Better Resource Allocation for Video, PCIe: In lieu of alternative mode where the other interface takes over the connection, USB 4 devices can use a process called "protocol tunneling" that sends DisplayPort, PCIe and USB packets at the same time while allocating bandwidth accordingly.
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