It is well known that the acoustic environment of the listening room has a greater impact on the playback of the sound system than any other audio device. Although there are many ways to improve the acoustic environment, too much processing of the listening room will be a mistake. For example, it is good to let the sound spread. Spreading allows the sound to scatter in all directions and avoid echoes. However, if the diffused surface is everywhere in the room, the stereo image position will be deteriorated. Spread to the four sides and cannot be accurately focused on the sound image.
The acoustics of the small room are more complicated. Although a number of audio books and magazines have specifically introduced this, they cannot say the exact and pertinent opinions. The problem is that there are many contradictions, and different experts have expressed different opinions. However, the room acoustic environment and the placement of the speakers and the listening position have a significant impact on the sound reproduction effect. This article will not discuss the profound principles and the strange methods of dealing with the indoor acoustic environment. We will only introduce some simple and practical methods that can be done by everyone to handle the indoor listening environment.
1. Lay a thick carpet on the ground.
Perhaps the most likely to be a serious reflection of sound waves is the ground. Although the carpet does not work well for low frequencies, the first thing to do is to try to absorb some high frequency reflections. The early reflections formed by the first 5 mS (milliseconds) or a few milliseconds after the direct sound will become part of the direct sound, and because they are mostly from the same direction, they will be heard. You should avoid letting the audible innocent speakers mix with the high-frequency sound that is reflected from the ground. And because it's unlikely to add some soft padding to the ceiling, if you don't lay the carpet on the floor, there will be two parallel and reflective surfaces, and the sound waves will be reflected back and forth between the ground and the ceiling. Make the sound ugly.
2. Hang curtains on the window.
In some concert halls, glass with reflection is always avoided. In the listening room, because the walls are all close together, the reflected sound of the glass is easily annoying. You can try to hang some curtains that can be opened on the window and pull the curtains while listening to music. Also, do not place bookcases and furniture with a glass front panel in the listening room.
3. Try to destroy the reflection of the parallel wall.
Parallel walls, like the ground and ceiling, are likely to produce endless reflections, resulting in “multiple echoes†that make the sound unpleasant. You can slap your hands hard. If you hear the echo, it means there are some problems in the listening room. Bookshelves, especially bookshelves that randomly place books, can be used as a diffuser for sound waves to block reflections from parallel planes. Although there are already some specially produced sound diffusing screens for sale, several bookshelves are placed in the listening room. It can be quite good.
4. Paste some foam on the "mirror reflection point" of the tweeter.
Unless the ceiling of the listening sound is as tall as a church, you should stick some foam blocks at the "mirror reflection point" of each tweeter of the speaker. The so-called "mirror reflection point" refers to a point where the tweeter in the mirror can be seen from the listening position when a mirror is placed at a certain point on the ceiling (or the ground). Although the treatment of the ceiling does not have to be as strict as the treatment of the ground, it is still very advantageous to be able to handle it properly. Comparing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it can be seen that the indoor listening environment has been improved when the mirror reflection point of the ceiling is attached with a foam having a thickness of not more than a few millimeters and an area of ​​not more than 0.1 m2.
5, can not let the reverberation too long.
Placing small foam blocks at the mirror reflection point does not cause excessive changes in the listening room. However, if you stick a large piece of foam or hang a fairly thick curtain, you will feel the sound of the replayed music because of too much sound absorption. Thin and light sound absorbing materials will absorb high frequencies well, but will not work for low frequencies. Generally, the thickness of the sound absorbing material is substantially equal to half the wavelength of the sound wave, and it plays the role of sound absorption. For a 10 kHz sound wave, the wavelength is only 3.4 cm, so a high frequency can be absorbed by a foam having a thickness of several centimeters; however, for a low frequency of 200 Hz, since the wavelength is as large as 1.7 m, the thickness is only a few centimeters. The natural foam will not help. As a result, there will be a significant imbalance in tone in the listening room. Most of what people hear is a sound field with reverberation, and the high frequencies are mostly absorbed and the low frequencies are absorbed very little.
6, can be close to some speakers to listen.
Sometimes, occasionally, try to sit and listen to music a little closer to the speakers. In fact, many people tend to listen to music because they sit away from the box, so they are actually listening to the room instead of listening to the speakers. Being close to listening will be enjoyable. Although it is not as good as listening to the sound directly from the speaker, it is not unreasonable to compare it as a standard of audition. By the way, in fact, almost all of the sound recordings are recorded in the "near field" when recording, whether the recording is good or bad.
7. Ground reflection is a great source of sound and dye.
As mentioned earlier, the sound absorbing material absorbs the high frequency portion of the early reflections of the ground and ceiling. The early reflections referred to here are those reflected in the first 5 mS after the direct sound. The sound waves reflected back so quickly will blend with the direct sound. The two top octaves of these early reflections will only produce some harsh sounds, but the frequency band will produce sound. It can be seen from Figures 3 and 4 that there are ground reflections and some basic processing of the listening room to eliminate ground reflections.
After the reflection is removed, the mid-range is ideal and the response is smooth. That's why those line-source speakers can confuse some buyers. Since there is no longer a delayed ground reflection (or, more specifically, the combination of the ground and ceiling and the speakers no longer produces reflections), the sound of the speakers will be reduced. However, for point source speakers, you can still try to buy less sound, as shown in Figure 5. The problem is that in order to get such good characteristics, you have to put a large piece of foam on the ground. Of course, you can put it on while listening to music, and take it off when you don't listen. Just putting some thick foam on the mirror shot can solve the problem.
However, the reflection of the side wall is another matter. In order to be able to add some "space sense", some people hope that the reflection of some side walls is better. Since the concert hall is extremely tall and spacious, the reflection of the side wall will not reflect back after a certain period of time. Therefore, people will be pleasing to the eye. But in the listening room at home, because the reflection of the side wall came back too fast, it was not so good. I have tried to apply sound absorbing materials to the mirror reflection points, and also placed some bookshelves near the side walls to spread the sound waves. However, what should be done is still subject to actual experimentation. Note that if you want to use a stronger side wall reflection to increase the sense of space, you have to go specifically to buy speakers that are quite good off-axis response.
8, in order to get the most appropriate low frequency, you have to try the speaker repeatedly.
Regarding the placement of the speakers, this problem is more complicated, and only a brief introduction can be made here. There are two factors that affect the placement of the speakers, one is the room res ON ance mode; the other is the loading of the boundary of the listening room to the radiation impedance of the speaker. According to the Allison effect, when the boundary is one-ninth the wavelength away from the sounding unit, the sounding unit will not be loaded for the reflection of the boundary. Therefore, the sound radiation power of the speaker at this frequency is less.
Although computers and specialized programming software can be used to determine the optimal position of the speakers and listeners, it is still worthwhile to spend a few hours to perform repeated trials. Remember that the bass pronunciation unit in the speaker is off the ground, and the distance between the side wall and the back wall should be chosen to be different. According to the general placement principle, the square of the median of these spacings should be approximately equal to the product of the maximum spacing and the minimum spacing. If you place the speakers closer to the corner, the bass will increase.
You can use the "Warble tone" and the sound pressure level meter to test. If you can hear more than 300Hz when the speaker is placed in a certain position, it will prove that the speaker has been placed. If a RTA spectrum analyzer is used conditionally, it is easier to determine the placement of the speakers. For the placement of the speakers, you should have patience, try repeatedly and not be discouraged, because through hard work, there will be surprises. Can refer to Figure 5, as long as the original pair of speakers is good, after insisting on repeated trials, you will find that your own set of audio equipment is really good.
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