Analysis of the application potential of image perception

The visual market is evolving, growing, diverse and intelligent

Image perception undoubtedly supports the major trends in the three major market sectors of automotive, industry and consumer. CCD and CMOS are two main imaging technologies, but no single technology is available for all applications. In contrast, CCD provides the best image uniformity, high linear dynamic range, high light sensitivity and large optical format, while CMOS has Flexible reading, low power consumption, high frame rate, high integration and so on. The creator of modern image sensors, ON Semiconductor, has more than 40 years of imaging experience, with extensive imaging expertise, a broad sensor lineup, more than 2,000 imaging patents, a strong supply chain and superior quality to "create beyond the human eye." "New Vision" is the mission to match the technology to meet the needs of the application, helping to make the concepts of these three areas a reality.

Analysis of the application potential of image perception

For ON Semiconductor, capturing market trends and working closely with customers can help drive the development and market introduction of new sensors such as the X-Class platform for industrial cameras and the HayabusaTM platform for automotive applications. Typical market requirements include providing higher resolution at a given optical node without sacrificing image quality. In addition, as the number of electronic technologies grows, power budgets (especially portable battery-powered products, including automobiles) become more tense, so higher energy efficiency is also a common and significant demand. In most markets, the pressure to achieve shorter design cycles is also a reality. This demonstrates that an easily scalable image sensor platform is critical to helping reduce and simplify the design phase and get products to market faster.

Automotive field

As the demand for safe and convenient driver assistance solutions grows, so does the number of in-vehicle systems with imaging capabilities. These advanced features enable features such as adaptive cruise control and automatic emergency braking. In addition, there are parking assistance features such as rear-view cameras (which have become mandatory in some areas), 360-degree panoramic viewing systems, and camera surveillance systems that replace mirrors.

With the rise of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), the development of cameras and other sensing technologies has been promoted. The development and application of more advanced cameras and other sensing technologies has driven the development and implementation of ADAS and autonomous driving. According to the US automatic driving standards and the actual situation of fully automatic driving, we will reach the level of 4 and 5 at a certain time. This seems to happen, just a matter of timetable. Asia, the United States and Europe have different timetables based on demand, social acceptance, infrastructure, etc., but automatic driving covers international standards of safety is still a problem to be solved.

Automotive environments often present challenging operating conditions and parameters for image sensors. The scene can have a very wide dynamic range, and the camera's field of view directly comes from a sharp contrast between the brightest part of the sun and the dark area inside the tunnel. In order to give the ADAS algorithm and the driver a good view of the scene, it is important to capture the details in the scene with a high dynamic range output.

Automotive environments often present challenging operating conditions and parameters for image sensors. The scene can have a very wide dynamic range, and the camera's field of view directly comes from a sharp contrast between the brightest part of the sun and the dark area inside the tunnel. In order to give the ADAS algorithm and the driver a good view of the scene, it is important to capture the details in the scene with a high dynamic range output.

We need to combine multiple technologies to support a full range of perceptions for higher levels of ADAS and autonomous driving. In addition to image sensors, there are millimeter wave radars, lidars and ultrasound. Each technology has unique advantages and disadvantages in terms of detection range, object size, ability to detect moving objects, and ability to work in low light or limited visibility. By combining these technologies, all the requirements of the application can be met safely and efficiently. ON Semiconductor has a know-how that transcends image perception, with capabilities and products in the millimeter wave radar, lidar and ultrasound fields. The company is well positioned to combine these different sensing technologies and their respective advantages into integrated solutions.

As automakers turn to the latest trends in automotive pulse width modulation (PWM) LED lighting, and the increasing popularity of this technology in electronic traffic signage and vehicle information communication systems, the challenges faced by image sensor manufacturers may be further exacerbated. When captured with conventional cameras, especially in bright environments, these pulsed sources can flicker, which can cause problems with the ADAS algorithm and distract the driver. ON Semiconductor currently has advanced and reliable LED Flash Elimination (LFM) technology to overcome this potentially serious problem.

Compliance with strict safety standards is a prerequisite for providing products for camera/visual applications for in-vehicle platforms. Specifications such as AEC-Q100 Level 2 and 4th Generation ISO26262 ASIL-C (SEooC) have been perfected. Recently, it has become very important to support network security for L4 and L5 autopilots, which provides tamper protection for many vehicle systems, including cameras that transmit and/or receive data. ON Semiconductor's image sensors meet these standards. In fact, ON Semiconductor is the first company in the world to offer image sensors with network security and functional safety.

It is also important that the solution be used for a growing ecosystem platform consisting of leading brands such as Baidu's Apollo platform, Mobileye, NVIDIA, Intel and Qualcomm. The Baidu Apollo autopilot platform uses ON Semiconductor's image sensor, and NVIDIA is also a strategic image sensor partner for ON Semiconductor.

ON Semiconductor is also at the forefront of machine vision and human vision convergence (called Clarity +), and its scalable image sensor platform (which consists of AR0820, AR0220 and AR0138) delivers the industry's highest resolution of 8.3 MP and is used for efficient development. Universal architecture for further subdivision of ADAS/autopilot, industry-leading low-light performance, ASIL-C-rated functional safety, high dynamic range, one of the industry's first network security options, and reduced package size Second generation wafer stacking technology. The platform's products are currently being evaluated by a number of technology partners, including Mobileye and NVIDIA, for their DRIVE AI computing platform for autonomous vehicles.

Consumption field

The consumer market is perhaps the most diverse market with the most diverse applications. Growth drivers come from applications such as high-end security cameras, scanning, drones, virtual and augmented reality, and of course the application of the Internet of Things (IoT).

As in the automotive industry, the development of ecosystems is critical to the speed and convenience of developing and implementing effective programmes. ON Semiconductor is working closely with its partners to provide a comprehensive integration solution for end customers.

Security sensors based on vision sensors are one of the largest areas in the consumer market to extend to the industrial market. In this area, China still has the largest user base, and its key drivers are the implementation of the concept of a safe city, as well as commercial buildings and home applications. The need for sensors is to break performance limits in day/night performance, high dynamic range, frame rate and resolution (all of which must be implemented in a compact form factor). Growing trends include the introduction of cybersecurity, artificial intelligence (AI), and the ability to support deep learning and video content analysis. ON Semiconductor's first CMOS image sensor with near-infrared + (NIR +) technology effectively combines high dynamic range with enhanced low-light performance to enhance the image quality of high-end security and surveillance cameras, such as the AR0522 based back-illuminated (BSI) pixel technology platform, the sensitivity of near-infrared wavelength is about twice that of the existing AR0521 image sensor. The AR0430 for IoT, AR/VR and security cameras has a rate of 120 frames per second, enabling simultaneous color image and depth mapping from a single image sensor for superior pixel performance at ultra-low power consumption and 2018 CES innovation prize.

Industrial field

Due to the automation of industrial applications, increasing quantities, and more stringent performance requirements, imaging solutions in this market are receiving more attention than ever. Applications that support higher levels of factory automation and industrial object-of-network (IIoT) machine vision, as well as accelerated deployment of intelligent transportation systems, are key but different areas of demand. At the same time, high-end applications for medical and scientific imaging cameras have shown that image sensor manufacturers must meet CMOS or CCD-based solutions.

ON Semiconductor's X-Class platform provides a scalable single device for multiple resolutions and pixels, high-bandwidth, low-power architecture for high-performance imaging for applications such as machine vision, intelligent transportation systems, and broadcast imaging And provide a fast and streamlined path for the design of new products. The XGS 12000 and XGS 8000 in the X-Class family are based on the platform's first pixel architecture, 3.2μm global shutter pixels (less than the earlier 4.8μm and 4.5μm pixels), in the same optical format. Provides higher resolution while improving overall imaging performance. The global shutter also supports capturing moving objects without creating motion artifacts (a common requirement in industrial scenarios).

In the industrial sector, as with other industries, matching sensor performance to the performance of commonly used computer interfaces is important to further simplify the design and effectiveness of system solutions. The first two X-Class platform devices highlight this point. The XGS 8000 matches the high-speed video capture frame rate. The XGS 12000 high-speed version takes full advantage of the 10GigE interface. The low-speed version of the XGS 12000 is consistent with the available bandwidth of the USB 3.0 computer interface.

At the top performance level, ON Semiconductor's Interline Transfer CCD (ITCCD) device KAI-43140 delivers 43 megapixel resolution in a convenient and familiar 35mm optical format. The device features 4.5 um ITCCD pixels, a 50% higher resolution than the previous 5.5 μm design, supports full resolution frame rates up to 4 fps, provides dynamic range greater than 60 dB, high tailing suppression, electronic shutter, CCD-level image uniformity, supporting short time (less than 10 microseconds) and long time (greater than 1 second) exposure. These technologies have been developed to provide a simple upgrade path from earlier devices with minimal electrical changes and easier integration into camera designs. They provide the performance needed for critical line end inspection tasks such as large-size ultra-high definition screens, high-end surveillance and aerial photography.

ON Semiconductor's broad portfolio of high-resolution CCD products offers a choice of resolutions, frame rates (bandwidth) and sensitivity (NIR and pixel size).

to sum up

The key to meeting the challenges of image perception in the automotive, consumer, and industrial markets is to provide a range of devices that accurately match specifications and performance to closely match the wide variety of end applications. ON Semiconductor's image sensors are the world's largest in the automotive, industrial, aerospace, and medical industries. The company's heritage of more than 40 years of advanced imaging technology provides a broad lineup of CMOS and CCD image sensors. In the future, ON Semiconductor will continue to focus on China and continue to develop new products for market trends and applications through global assessment and application technology support. In addition, platform-based solutions from ON Semiconductor provide convenient scalability that greatly simplifies and speeds up the design path.

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