In movies such as "Future Warrior" and "Twenty-second Century Murder Network", there are scenes of robots chasing humans all over the world. I believe that the inner feelings of those who have seen the plot of these movies at that time are complicated. However, due to the fact that there is still a considerable gap between those plots and real life, the attitudes that people hold are basically noncommittal. However, with the continuous breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology, the robot has changed from the extremely limited "insight" into a "living body" that can recognize human facial expressions and communicate with people emotionally. Originally, after robots came out, humans were impressed because they were usually behavioral experts in a certain area, and they had specialties that individual humans could not match. Now, robots have "emotions" and have the ability to think. Then, one day in the future, they will be like humans, self-designing and self-manufacturing, so as to expel and kill humans, and finally end humans.
So, will artificial intelligence counteract humanity? Is this unreasonable worries of modern people, or is it the deliberate alarmist talk of some people? It can be said that everything is inconclusive. In today's field of science and technology, including some top artificial intelligence experts, it is believed that artificial intelligence will counteract human beings, and the development of artificial intelligence by humans will put humans on the road of no return. Stephen William Hawking, a world-renowned British astrophysicist and a famous professor at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, is one of those who hold this view. He warned: "The development of perfect artificial intelligence means the end of mankind!"
In the "Ask Me Anything" event held on the Reddit website in early October 2015, Professor Hawking once again reiterated his views on artificial intelligence when he responded to questions: "Artificial intelligence technology, The future will inevitably pose a threat to humans.†However, he also emphasized that the biggest danger is not that robots will destroy humans in a planned way, but that they completely abandon humans and have the ability to make autonomous decisions. He believes that robots are unlikely to have a sense of hostility to humans, but they will cause harm to human interests when they pursue their own goals. He said: "The real risk lies not in hostility, but in ability. Super artificial intelligence robots will be very good at achieving the goals they set, and if the goals it sets do not match our goals, then we will There is a problem. For example, you sometimes trample some ants to death, but this is not out of your subjective malice towards ants, but if you happen to be planning to build a hydroelectric power station in a certain area, and that area happens to have an ant nest , Then for the ants, this is really bad news.†In other words, the harm caused by robots to humans is largely unintentional. This also means that human beings have fallen from the position of the primate of all things on the earth and reduced to a second-class citizen dominated by robots made by oneself. Therefore, Hawking revealed: "Don't put ourselves human beings in the place of those ants."
Hawking believes that artificial intelligence robots will eventually evolve a desire for survival because of their emotions. He said: “In the future, a highly advanced artificial intelligence device will gradually develop the instinct for survival and will strive to obtain the resources needed to achieve its own set goals. Because surviving and acquiring more resources will increase Its opportunities to achieve other goals. For humans, this will lead to survival problems, because our resources will be plundered.†He pointed out that with the development of artificial intelligence technology, intelligent robots have the same survivability as humans. They will no longer rely on humans, but will self-improve and upgrade themselves. At this time, there will be a "technical explosion" in the robot world. In the end, the technological capabilities of robots will far surpass that of humans, and they will eventually throw humans farther and farther, just as the technological capabilities of humans far surpass snails at this stage.
However, Hawking also said that as far as the current development of artificial intelligence technology is concerned, there is still a considerable gap between the requirements for the development of a machine that is equivalent to or far beyond the function of the human brain. He said: "When this event finally occurs, it may be the best or the worst that has ever happened in human history. Therefore, it will be of great value to clarify this issue. We may spend some time. It takes ten years to find out the answer to the question, so let us start this research today instead of dragging it to the night before the super robot is about to be launched."
Hawking participated in the "Ask Me Any Questions" activity held on the Reddit website, and received more than 9,000 questions and comments in total, making it one of the most highly regarded activities held on this website. Due to work and physical reasons, he did not have time to respond to netizens' questions after four months. Among the replies, most of the questions related to the field of artificial intelligence, and in the replies he frequently expressed his concerns. Prior to this event, he had signed an open letter with several top scientists and American entrepreneur Elon Musk, also expressing his concern about the threat of artificial intelligence to mankind in the future. He said that in the next century, human capabilities will be surpassed by robots. Therefore, scientists must ensure that the future goals of artificial intelligence are consistent with human development goals.
It is conceivable that after robots have mastered human psychology and coping patterns, they can easily control and shape human emotions. By then, in the face of the superior sense of superiority of robots, will humans with strong self-esteem perish as a whole? Fortunately, it is too early for everything, so there is an opinion contrary to Hawking. These views believe that artificial intelligence is only an instrumental extension of the human body and intelligence, and it is only this instrumental ability that it continues to enhance, rather than the ability to invent and create out of nothing like humans. The robots that appear today to defeat the various abilities of humans, whether chess skills or autonomous driving skills, are based on the existing capabilities of humans, and are an optimized processing method that summarizes human knowledge and information processing methods. Even so-called emotional robots only respond to human facial expressions and language features programmatically, and it does not mean that robots have the same emotions as humans. Therefore, artificial intelligence is like a weapon in the hands of a warrior. It has an effect that cannot be achieved by the human body, but the weapon itself does not have the initiative to take life, but is completely obedient to the user who controls it.
From the perspective of technology and reality, what artificial intelligence magnifies is only the existing capabilities of human beings. Limited by its characteristics, it is impossible to have the ability to upgrade and evolve on a large scale by itself. Therefore, we don’t have to worry about them building their own factories, self-processing, self-improving brainpower, and self-upgrading. In terms of the purpose of human development motivation, artificial intelligence is also not uncontrollable.
From the perspectives of all parties, whether it is Hawking's backlash theory or the opposite theory of artificial intelligence controllability, whether artificial intelligence is ultimately an angel or a devil depends entirely on the person who develops and applies the technology. As long as human beings can restrain themselves, artificial intelligence in the future will definitely move forward in the direction of serving humanity.
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