“There is a set of achievements†– this is our consistent goal, especially for electrical power consumption. As a designer, your goal is to get more current to power more subsystems while reducing overall power consumption.
Adding new features to home appliances is popular today, for example, when the wash cycle is complete, the washing machine sends a message; or sends a picture on the screen or by email to show the inside of the refrigerator. These additional features require new subsystems such as wireless communications, sensors, human machine interface (HMI), and lighting, all of which require power.
Figure 1: High-efficiency 5V, 1A switching power supply design for T0-220 form factor
At the same time, appliances need to consume as little power as possible in order to limit their environmental impact, reduce consumer electricity costs, and successfully pass increasingly stringent energy ratings.
In addition, cost, size and reliability are always key requirements.
Low dropout regulators (LDOs) have traditionally been used in household appliances to generate 5V or 3.3V from a 12V rail. But the efficiency of LDO is really bad. Figure 2 compares the power consumption of the 12V input and 5V output in the TO-220 form factor and output current, LDO and high efficiency DC/DC switch mode power supply (SMPS) reference designs.
Figure 2: LDO and DC / DC Switch Mode Power Consumption vs. Output Current
As expected, LDOs are very inefficient, which is why their maximum output current is limited; it also requires a large heat sink to dissipate losses. No heat sink is required in the DC/DC converter, and all four reference designs include the TPS54202 buck converter.
You can use a DC/DC converter to convert 12V to 5V or 3.3V for higher efficiency and higher current drive capability, powering multiple new subsystems. In addition, this will reduce the input current consumed and help the appliance pass a strict energy rating.
TI has four reference designs to address these issues:
5V 1A, low EMI, 94% efficiency DC / DC SMPS in a dual-layer TO-220 form factor reference design.
3.3V 1A, low EMI, 92% efficiency DC / DC SMPS in a dual-layer TO-220 form factor reference design.
5V 1A, low EMI, 94% efficiency DC / DC SMPS in a single-layer TO-247 form factor reference design.
3.3V 1A, low EMI, 92% efficiency DC / DC SMPS in a single-layer TO-247 outline reference design.
All four SMPS reference designs are pin-compatible with the TO-220 package traditionally used in LDOs in devices, so during the evaluation/redesign phase, a quick evaluation can be performed by exchanging LDOs with DC/DC reference designs.
other information
Related application notes:
Learn about the buck power stage in a switched mode power supply.
Linear and Switching Regulators for Industrial Applications with 24 V Bus
Review the following guides:
Air Conditioning Solutions Guide
Refrigerator and Freeze Solutions Guide
Washer and Dryer Solutions Guide
Electric Battery, an electrochemical device to provide electrical power
Two Kinds of solar battery are included.
1.AMG Battery
2.Gel Batter
Through this post, we`re comparing the two battery types in order to help you see which one suits your needs.
Similarities
The two batteries are classified as Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) batteries. The oxygen produced on the positive plates of lead-acid batteries is absorbed by the negative plates. In turn, the negative plates produce water. This helps expel the heat from the chemical reaction produced by the electrolytes. Because of this, the user does not have to water these batteries, making them maintenance-free.
Differences
AGM batteries make use of a special glass mat made up of thin glass fibers. This is designed to absorb the electrolytes between the battery plates.
Gel batteries, on the other hand, utilize a special type of silica gel that holds electrolytes together. The thick consistency of the material allows electrons to flow freely from the plates.
Gel Cell Battery,Deep Cycle Gel Battery,Gel Leisure Battery,Gel Type Battery
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