However, with so many speakers on the market, should consumers choose two-way or three-way speakers? If the two-way design can meet the needs of the full-range frequency band, why do designers design the speakers in a more complicated three-way way? How many speakers are more suitable for the average consumer? Today I will talk to you about this issue.
Unit's scope of work
Generally, the audio that our human ear can hear is about 20Hz to 20KHz, and the average musical instrument and human voice rarely exceed 5KHz or more. From this point of view, the bass unit of the two-way speaker actually covers all the audio of the instrument and vocals. Strangely, if the bass unit can handle all the audio, why bother adding more tweeters?
The reason is this. The sounds we hear are composed of pure tone (Note 1) and complex tone (Note 2). But whether it is a two-way or three-way speaker, most of its tweeters are only responsible for the overtone part of the instrument, and the reason why our ears can clearly distinguish the difference in the timbre of various instruments is that even if different instruments emit the same The frequency or pitch, and the overtone structure produced are also different. I believe most readers understand this. From the above point of view, the most important part of the mid-range pitch of audio enthusiasts (the fundamental pitch of the instrument is about 440Hz, we call it mid-frequency), but the two-way speaker is responsible for the woofer, which plays back in the treble Up (2KHz or 3KHz) (Note 3) is also emitted by the woofer. Imagine that the crystal-clear, clear and smart treble that enthusiasts often say, but unexpectedly must be responsible for the bulky bass unit? !
Duties of the midrange unit
But unfortunately, there is more and more demand for the bass of the speakers on the market, and many two-way speakers must increase the size of the woofer to more than 7, 8 inches. In this way, it may be able to meet the requirements for the playback of bass, but it also relatively cruelly sacrifices the pitch of the midrange and treble fundamentals, causing us to feel that the midrange and treble are dumb and dry. As far as physical phenomena are concerned, the woofer's vocal requirements are different from the midrange unit and tweeter unit, and the leaf shape effect produced by the speaker also has a great influence on the sound quality regeneration. In principle, although the large-size unit can emit a high-pitched sound, its diffusion angle is very small. Therefore, in order to solve the fundamental sound regeneration problem and the leaf shape effect of the two-way speaker, the speaker designer will add the midrange unit to the midrange and high frequencies in the tweeter and bass unit, so that each unit can be in Perform their duties within the scope of their respective capabilities to reduce the unnecessary problems mentioned above.
Adapt to local conditions
At this point, the author believes that the three-way speaker can reproduce the correct sound more than the two-way speaker, but the prerequisite is that the speaker must include the selection of the unit in all aspects, the structure of the speaker and the design of the crossover. Correct (in terms of design difficulty, three-way speakers are more difficult and complicated than two-way speakers). In the audio market, it is not difficult to find that many two-way speakers have very good sound performance, and the sound even surpasses the three-way speaker. The reason is that the two-way speaker has one less crossover point than the three-way speaker. , Is relatively easy to control in design. Of course, if the readers are allowed to listen to the environment, the three-way speaker will be a better choice; if the size of the listening space cannot be matched, the two-way speaker design is a more suitable and practical purchase direction.
If you have decided to buy a two-way speaker, the author's suggestion is that the woofer used in it should be within 5 inches, and the limit should not exceed 6.5 inches. As for the reasons, let me discuss with you readers in the future.
Note 1: For example, the sound emitted by the tuning fork is only the sine wave of the fundamental tone.
Note 2: A series of overtones generated by the pitch plus the pitch.
Note 3: Usually two-way loudspeakers are performing frequency division around 2-3KHz
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