Leakage protector, referred to as leakage switch, also known as earth leakage circuit breaker, is mainly used to protect the line or motor from overload and short circuit protection when there is a leakage fault in the equipment and a dangerous electric shock protection. Short-circuit can also be used as an infrequent conversion start of the line under normal conditions.
Simply put, single-phase leakage protection: the live line flows to the zero line, then the live current is equal to the zero line current. When the live line leaks, some of the current leaks through the line to the earth, then the current of the line is not equal to the zero line current. When this error is greater than the action value of the leakage protection, the leakage protection trips. 3-phase leakage protection: The leakage protector has a ground wire connected to the electrical appliance. When the electrical appliance leaks, the leakage current will flow along the ground line to the leakage protector. Then the leakage protector detects the magnitude of this current and exceeds the leakage. When the action value is guaranteed, it will trip.
Let's take a look at some schematics of the leakage protector.
Leakage protector tripping is a common thing in life. Many people don't understand the cause of the leakage protector tripping. This is what everyone wants to know. In this article, I will tell you in detail why the leakage protector trips.
1, poor installation
If the leakage protector is not firmly connected during installation, the length of time will often cause the terminal to heat up and oxidize, causing the wire insulation layer to be burnt, accompanied by ignition and burning of rubber and plastic, resulting in the line. Undervoltage causes the leakage protector to trip.
2, the leakage protector itself has a problem
When purchasing leakage protectors, users should try to buy them at reputable manufacturers or stores. Don't buy cheap "three no" leakage protectors for some self-employed individuals. This is often not worth the loss.
3. The leakage protector does not match the load.
With the increasing popularity of household appliances, the load current of many households has far exceeded the rated current of the leakage protector on the line, causing the leakage protector to trip. This kind of situation generally occurs in the use of high-power appliances such as air conditioners and electric kettles. Generally, as long as a matching leakage protector is replaced, the problem can be solved.
4, load or line leakage, short circuit
If the load leakage or short circuit of the appliance causes the leakage protector to trip, as long as the faulty appliance plug is unplugged, the power can be re-powered; if the line is leaking or short-circuited, it is relatively tricky, and some simple faults can be solved first. Let some lines temporarily resume power transmission. The specific method is as follows: When the leakage protector trips, first disconnect each branch, and then send the leakage protector. When the leakage protector is tripped when a certain branch is sent, it can be concluded that the branch is faulty. As long as the branch is disconnected, the other branches can be restored. At this point, if the socket or fixture in a room is found to be out of power, the fault is often in this zone.
5, the power supply line voltage is too high
Although this situation is rare, it is very dangerous. It usually occurs in a three-phase four-wire power supply residential building (currently, residential buildings are generally powered). Due to the three-phase unbalance or the disorder of small animals such as mice, the voltage drift of the total zero line disconnection of the power supply, the phase voltage can be changed from 220V to 380V, which will trip the leakage protector. To identify such a fault, first, use an electric pen to test whether the incoming line is energized; the second is to see if there is a tripping phenomenon in the neighbors, if any, it belongs to this fault; the third is to measure the incoming voltage with a multimeter. . At this time, please do not force the leakage protector switch, otherwise it will easily cause the appliance to burn out, and in serious cases, it will lead to fire and other adverse consequences. In addition, lightning strikes on the incoming line can also cause overvoltages to cause the leakage protector to trip.
In short, once the household leakage protector trips, the inspection should follow the principle of simple and complex. First check to see if the installation is good, then check if the power supply line voltage is too high (look at the left and right houses) and the leakage protector itself has no problem (remove the outgoing line power), then there is to see if the leakage protector can withstand the home appliances The load is finally checked for load, line leakage or short circuit. If you can't find the reason, don't blindly move it. You should ask a professional to check it out. Otherwise, messing up the line is not conducive to troubleshooting.
Leakage protector principle_Leakage protector trip problem detection and processing method-----treatment method
I would like to provide you with relevant knowledge about the cause of the leakage of the leakage protector. If you do not understand the leakage protection of the leakage protector, you can refer to this article accordingly, I hope to help everyone. The following describes how to handle the frequent tripping of the leakage protector:
Test delivery method
It mainly searches for the residual current action protector itself. The specific operation method is as follows: first cut off the power supply, and then remove all the zero-sequence transformer load side leads of the residual current action protector (the secondary and third-stage residual current action protectors directly remove the outgoing line) and then reconnect the protector. If the protector still fails to operate, the protector itself is faulty and should be repaired or replaced. If it can operate normally, the protector itself is not faulty, and then find the switchboard or line. The operation method is as follows: firstly cut off the output of each line or AC contactor. If it is not possible, it means that there is a fault on the switchboard. Check whether the electrical and instrumentation equipment of each road is well insulated and the wiring is correct; if it can operate normally, it means There is no fault on the switchboard. When it is confirmed that the fault occurs on the external line, the branch line search method can be used to find the fault point.
2 Intuitive inspection method
The intuitive inspection method is to inspect and judge the fault phenomenon, and inspect the protection area including the residual current action protector and the protected line equipment to find the fault point. During the inspection, attention should be paid to checking the complex sections and fault-prone points of the corners, branches, cross-overs of the line. This method is simple and easy to use and is suitable for finding faulty points. Such as wire breakage, wire and wire contact, and incorrect wiring.
3 numerical comparison method
The numerical comparison method is to measure the line or equipment by means of instrumentation, and compare the measured value with the original value to find the fault point. It should be specially pointed out that when the neutral line insulation of the line drops or the neutral line of the equipment is repeatedly grounded, it is easy to cause the total protection to trip frequently, and the secondary protector does not trip. When solving the trip of the secondary protector, the method of switching the phase line and the neutral line should not be adopted to put the secondary protection, and the device can be removed by repeating the grounding line.
4 line elimination method
When troubleshooting the line fault point, you can disconnect the branch lines of the low-voltage power grid in the order of “first trunk, re-branch, and rear endâ€, and only test the main line. If the trunk line has no fault, then the trunk line will be Can run normally. Then, the branches and ends are put into operation in turn. When the line is put into operation, the protector trips, and on which line the fault point is located, the fault point can be found centrally on this line.
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